The science of laughter
In a new study, the researchers turn their attention to how parents spark laughter and joy in children. Their reasoning was straightforward: if shared positivity strengthens adult relationships, wouldn’t the same be true for parents and children?
The researchers began by observing how mothers and fathers in Quebec make their children laugh. The parents were either English- or French-speaking, and their children ranged in age from 3 to 5, and in all 144 families were involved.
Two broad categories of behaviour emerged. The first was touch: tickling, play wrestling, often accompanied by anticipatory strategies (“I’m going to catch you!”). The second was movement: silly dances, funny faces, sound games that pair noises with actions.
Contrary to the stereotype that fathers are more physical and mothers gentler, it was found that fathers and mothers employ very similar strategies. Both initiated chase games and tickling as often as they made funny faces or sang silly songs.
Laughter and attachment: A deeper connection
Differences between mothers and fathers did surface in the connection between these behaviours and secure attachment.
With mothers, physical play and anticipation elicited laughter, but movement and sound games correlated more strongly with secure attachment. Laughter as such was not directly linked to the quality of the mother-child bond.
In the case of fathers, the linkage was clearer. Playful interactions triggered laughter, which in turn fostered a more secure attachment to the father.
“This suggests that, for many children, the joyful emotional climate created by playing with their father has an important role in building attachment,” Deneault said. “But we need more research to confirm this.”
More than just fun
Deneault believes that the benefits of laughter extend beyond attachment. Laughter also promotes cognitive development: unpredictable play—where children can’t anticipate what will happen next—increases mental flexibility.
“They learn to adjust their expectations, handle surprises and read other peoples’ intentions,” she explained.
On an emotional level, shared laughter creates a sense of trust. Children realize they can rely on the parent not only in tough times but in happy times as well.
Rethinking parenting priorities
In a culture of performative parenting, obsessed with stimulating children and encouraging achievement, Deneault has a reassuring message: just having fun with your child is also beneficial.
“You don’t always need mind-expanding activities, educational games or structured learning,” she said. “Chasing each other around the living room, making silly faces and laughing together support both the parent-child bond and the child’s development.”
Sometimes, the basics are all we need.
